Protocol Buffer 基础：Python

edition = "2023";

package tutorial;

message Person {
  string name = 1;
  int32 id = 2;
  string email = 3;

  enum PhoneType {
    PHONE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
    PHONE_TYPE_MOBILE = 1;
    PHONE_TYPE_HOME = 2;
    PHONE_TYPE_WORK = 3;
  }

  message PhoneNumber {
    string number = 1;
    PhoneType type = 2 [default = PHONE_TYPE_HOME];
  }

  repeated PhoneNumber phones = 4;
}

message AddressBook {
  repeated Person people = 1;
}

import google3
from google.protobuf import descriptor as _descriptor
from google.protobuf import descriptor_pool as _descriptor_pool
from google.protobuf import runtime_version as _runtime_version
from google.protobuf import symbol_database as _symbol_database
from google.protobuf.internal import builder as _builder
_runtime_version.ValidateProtobufRuntimeVersion(
    _runtime_version.Domain.GOOGLE_INTERNAL,
    0,
    20240502,
    0,
    '',
    'main.proto'
)
# @@protoc_insertion_point(imports)

_sym_db = _symbol_database.Default()

DESCRIPTOR = _descriptor_pool.Default().AddSerializedFile(b'\n\nmain.proto\x12\x08tutorial\"\xa3\x02\n\x06Person\x12\x0c\n\x04name\x18\x01 \x01(\t\x12\n\n\x02id\x18\x02 \x01(\x05\x12\r\n\x05\x65mail\x18\x03 \x01(\t\x12,\n\x06phones\x18\x04 \x03(\x0b\x32\x1c.tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber\x1aX\n\x0bPhoneNumber\x12\x0e\n\x06number\x18\x01 \x01(\t\x12\x39\n\x04type\x18\x02 \x01(\x0e\x32\x1a.tutorial.Person.PhoneType:\x0fPHONE_TYPE_HOME\"h\n\tPhoneType\x12\x1a\n\x16PHONE_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED\x10\x00\x12\x15\n\x11PHONE_TYPE_MOBILE\x10\x01\x12\x13\n\x0fPHONE_TYPE_HOME\x10\x02\x12\x13\n\x0fPHONE_TYPE_WORK\x10\x03\"/\n\x0b\x41\x64\x64ressBook\x12 \n\x06people\x18\x01 \x03(\x0b\x32\x10.tutorial.Person')

_globals = globals()
_builder.BuildMessageAndEnumDescriptors(DESCRIPTOR, _globals)
_builder.BuildTopDescriptorsAndMessages(DESCRIPTOR, 'google3.main_pb2', _globals)
if not _descriptor._USE_C_DESCRIPTORS:
  DESCRIPTOR._loaded_options = None
  _globals['_PERSON']._serialized_start=25
  _globals['_PERSON']._serialized_end=316
  _globals['_PERSON_PHONENUMBER']._serialized_start=122
  _globals['_PERSON_PHONENUMBER']._serialized_end=210
  _globals['_PERSON_PHONETYPE']._serialized_start=212
  _globals['_PERSON_PHONETYPE']._serialized_end=316
  _globals['_ADDRESSBOOK']._serialized_start=318
  _globals['_ADDRESSBOOK']._serialized_end=365
# @@protoc_insertion_point(module_scope)

import addressbook_pb2
person = addressbook_pb2.Person()
person.id = 1234
person.name = "John Doe"
person.email = "jdoe@example.com"
phone = person.phones.add()
phone.number = "555-4321"
phone.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PHONE_TYPE_HOME

person.no_such_field = 1  # raises AttributeError
person.id = "1234"        # raises TypeError

from google.protobuf import json_format
import addressbook_pb2

person = addressbook_pb2.Person()
person.id = 1234
person.name = "John Doe"
person.email = "jdoe@example.com"

# Serialize to JSON
json_string = json_format.MessageToJson(person)

# Parse from JSON
new_person = addressbook_pb2.Person()
json_format.Parse(json_string, new_person)

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import addressbook_pb2
import sys

# This function fills in a Person message based on user input.
def PromptForAddress(person):
  person.id = int(input("Enter person ID number: "))
  person.name = input("Enter name: ")

  email = input("Enter email address (blank for none): ")
  if email != "":
    person.email = email

  while True:
    number = input("Enter a phone number (or leave blank to finish): ")
    if number == "":
      break

    phone_number = person.phones.add()
    phone_number.number = number

    phone_type = input("Is this a mobile, home, or work phone? ")
    if phone_type == "mobile":
      phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.PHONE_TYPE_MOBILE
    elif phone_type == "home":
      phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.PHONE_TYPE_HOME
    elif phone_type == "work":
      phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.PHONE_TYPE_WORK
    else:
      print("Unknown phone type; leaving as default value.")

# Main procedure:  Reads the entire address book from a file,
#   adds one person based on user input, then writes it back out to the same
#   file.
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
  print("Usage:", sys.argv[0], "ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE")
  sys.exit(-1)

address_book = addressbook_pb2.AddressBook()

# Read the existing address book.
try:
  with open(sys.argv[1], "rb") as f:
    address_book.ParseFromString(f.read())
except IOError:
  print(sys.argv[1] + ": Could not open file.  Creating a new one.")

# Add an address.
PromptForAddress(address_book.people.add())

# Write the new address book back to disk.
with open(sys.argv[1], "wb") as f:
  f.write(address_book.SerializeToString())

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import addressbook_pb2
import sys

# Iterates though all people in the AddressBook and prints info about them.
def ListPeople(address_book):
  for person in address_book.people:
    print("Person ID:", person.id)
    print("  Name:", person.name)
    if person.HasField('email'):
      print("  E-mail address:", person.email)

    for phone_number in person.phones:
      if phone_number.type == addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.PHONE_TYPE_MOBILE:
        print("  Mobile phone #: ", end="")
      elif phone_number.type == addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.PHONE_TYPE_HOME:
        print("  Home phone #: ", end="")
      elif phone_number.type == addressbook_pb2.Person.PhoneType.PHONE_TYPE_WORK:
        print("  Work phone #: ", end="")
      print(phone_number.number)

# Main procedure:  Reads the entire address book from a file and prints all
#   the information inside.
if len(sys.argv) != 2:
  print("Usage:", sys.argv[0], "ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE")
  sys.exit(-1)

address_book = addressbook_pb2.AddressBook()

# Read the existing address book.
with open(sys.argv[1], "rb") as f:
  address_book.ParseFromString(f.read())

ListPeople(address_book)